表达人肝再生增强因子肝细胞系生物人工肝治疗安全性 的动物实验初步研究

目的:评价表达人肝再生增强因子基因的HepG2细胞系的细胞培养上清及细胞裂解物的小鼠急性毒性和近期致瘤性。方法:SPF级昆明种小鼠18只,随机分为空白对照组、细胞培养上清组、细胞裂解物组,每组小鼠各6只,腹腔分别接种空白培养液、细胞培养上清、细胞裂解物0.5ml。连续14天,每天观察记录动物毒性反应,14d后宰杀小鼠,取血测血生化指标,及观察病理改变。结果:各组小鼠均存活。除对照组1例小鼠,细胞培养上清组1例小鼠,细胞裂解物组2例小鼠次日活动稍减少外,均未见异常反应。血液生化检测ALT、AST、AFP、TBIL无明显异常,且各组间无差别。普通光镜下各组动物肝脏病理切片染色均未见明显异常。结论:目的细胞系细胞培养上清、细胞裂解物对实验用昆明小鼠无明确毒副作用及短期致瘤性,可能提供一种安全的可用于生物人工肝新的细胞来源。     

树脂灌血液灌流在顽固性高血压患者血液透析中的应用

目的:探讨树脂灌血液灌流对血液透析顽固性高血压患者血压及肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统的影响。方法:选择我院82例,均分为Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组各41例,Ⅰ组患者采用金宝8LR聚酰胺膜透析器进行常规透析,Ⅱ组患者在常规透析的基础上串联树脂血液灌流,检测两组患者治疗前和治疗后3个月血清肌酐、尿素氮变化情况,和患者体内肾素活性、血管紧张素Ⅱ和醛固酮变化情况,并对血压变化值进行比较。结果:两组患者治疗后3个月血肌酐、血尿素氮均明显较治疗前降低,Ⅰ组患者治疗后3个月收缩压和舒张压较治疗前均无明显变化,Ⅱ组治疗后3个月收缩压和舒张压均较治疗前明显降低,Ⅰ组治疗后3个月肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ和醛固酮较治疗前无明显差异,Ⅱ组治疗后3个月肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ和醛固酮较治疗前均明显降低。结论:血液透析联合树脂吸附灌在保证有效清除患者体内代谢物质的同时,能较好的控制患者血压。     

食管癌术后呼吸衰竭的临床诊治分析

目的:探讨食管癌术后发生呼吸衰竭(RF)的原因及防治疗措施。方法:将194例行食管癌手术的患者按术后是否发生呼衰分为观察组(36例)和对照组(158例),比较分析相关因素,对发生RF的患者行气管插管呼吸机辅助和气管切开的抢救。结果:36例RF均在术后24～72h发生,33例痊愈,死亡3例。结论:年龄、肺功能、手术时间、血清白蛋白含量、术后其它并发症及是否吸烟等都是诱发RF的重要因素,术前积极治疗肺部合并症、改善肺功能、缩短手术时间、防止染是预防和减少RF发生的主要措施。     

磷脂酰肌醇3- 激酶对心脏的调节

磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(phosphatidylinosito1 3-kinase,PI3K)是体内很多生理过程中起关键作用的信号分子,PI3K介导的信号转导通路调节细胞的增生、分化、凋亡等活动。以往研究较多的是PI3K与肿瘤发生发展的关系,最近很多研究发现PI3K介导的信号转导通路对心脏具有重要的调节功能。本文就近年来关于PI3K的结构和功能以及PI3K对心脏的调节的研究作一综述。     

冠心病患者介入治疗前后血清IL-18、sCD40L 和hs-CRP 水平的 变化及其意义

目的:探讨冠心病患者血清白介素18(Interleukin-18,IL-18)、白细胞分化抗原40配体(CD40L)、及高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平在经皮冠状动脉介入术治疗前后的变化和意义。方法:选择经冠状动脉造影确诊的冠心病患者85例,根据病变程度分为单支病变组(n=32)、双支病变组(n=28)和多支病变组(n=25),采用双抗体夹心ELISA法测定PCI术前术后血清IL-18、CD40L和hs-CRP水平。结果:血清IL-18水平测定结果:多支病变组高于双支病变组,双支病变组高于单支病变组;支架置入术后显著高于术前,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。血清CD40L水平测定结果:多支病变组高于双支病变组和单支病变组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),双支病变组与单支病变组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);支架置入术后较术前显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。血清hs-CRP水平测定结果:多支病变组高于双支病变组,双支病变组高于单支病变组;支架置入术后显著高于术前,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:冠心病患者血清IL-18、CD40L和hs-CRP与冠脉病变程度密切相关,介入治疗可使冠心病患者血清IL-18、CD40L和hs-CRP水平升高,监测血清中IL-18、CD40L和hs-CRP水平变化可了解治疗效果和炎症程度。     

Repair of senescent myocardium by mesenchymal stem cells is dependent on the age of donor mice

Myocardial infarction is one of the leading causes of mortality in aged people. Whether age of donors of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) affects its ability to repair the senescent heart tissue is unknown. In the present study, MSCs from young (2 months) and aged (18 months) green fluorescent protein expressing C57BL/6 mice were characterized with p16^INK4a and β‐gal associated senescence. Myocardial infarction was produced in 18‐month‐old wild‐type C57BL/6 mice transplanted with MSCs from young and aged animals in the border of the infarct region. Expression of p16^INK4a in MSCs from aged animals was significantly higher (21.5%± 1.2, P < 0.05) as compared to those from young animals (9.2%± 2.8). A decline in the tube‐forming ability on Matrigel was also observed in aged MSCs as well as down‐regulation of insulin‐like growth factor‐1, fibroblast growth factor (FGF‐2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) compared to young cells. Mice transplanted with young MSCs exhibited significant improvement in their left ventricle (LV) systolic and diastolic function as demonstrated by dp/dt_max, dp/dt_min, P_max. Reduction in the LV fibrotic area was concomitant with neovascularization as demonstrated by CD31 and smooth muscle actin (SMA) expression. Real‐time RT‐PCR analysis for VEGF, stromal cell derived factor (SDF‐1α) and GATA binding factor 4 (GATA‐4) genes further confirmed the effect of age on MSC differentiation towards cardiac lineages and enhanced angiogenesis. These studies lead to the conclusion that repair potential of MSCs is dependent on the age of donors and the repair of senescent infarcted myocardium requires young healthy MSCs.     

呼吸机的故障分析及管理措施

统计了2009-2010年本院40台呼吸机机械通气时的故障的类型及各种类型故障所占的百分比。分析了故障产生的原因,提出如何从管理措施方面着手,以达到降低故障率,提高设备寿命为目的。     

Hydraulic failure and tree dieback are associated with high wood density in a temperate forest under extreme drought

Catastrophic hydraulic failure will likely be an important mechanism contributing to large‐scale tree dieback caused by increased frequency and intensity of droughts under global climate change. To compare the susceptibility of 22 temperate deciduous tree and shrub species to hydraulic failure during a record drought in the southeastern USA, we quantified leaf desiccation, native embolism, wood density, stomatal conductance and predawn and midday leaf water potential at four sites with varying drought intensities. At the two driest sites, there was widespread leaf wilting and desiccation, and most species exhibited predawn leaf water potentials of ≤3 MPa and >60% loss of xylem conductivity in branches. Although species with high wood density were more resistant to cavitation, they had higher levels of native embolism and greater canopy dieback than species with low wood density. This unexpected result can be explained by the failure of species with dense wood to avert a decline in water potential to dangerous levels during the drought. Leaf water potential was negatively correlated with wood density, and the relationship was strongest under conditions of severe water deficit. Species with low wood density avoided catastrophic embolism by relying on an avoidance strategy that involves partial drought deciduousness, higher sensitivity of stomata to leaf water potential and perhaps greater rooting depth. These species therefore maintained water potential at levels that ensured a greater margin of safety against embolism. These differences among species may mediate rapid shifts in species composition of temperate forests if droughts intensify due to climate change.     

齐口裂腹鱼和鲤鱼H-FABP基因的克隆及其表达谱

心型脂肪酸结合蛋白（heart fatty acid binding protein, H-FABP）的水平与影响肉质性状的肌内脂肪含量有关,鱼类H-FABP的表达水平对其肌内脂肪含量是否相关仍未见报道.本研究获得齐口裂腹鱼和鲤鱼心脏型脂肪酸结合蛋白基因序列,利用半定量RT-PCR分析其表达特性并测定肌内脂肪含量,比较H-FABP基因在不同生活环境的2种鲤科鱼肌内脂肪沉积中的作用.结果显示,齐口裂腹鱼和鲤鱼H-FABP基因的ORF为402 bp,编码133个氨基酸,它们的氨基酸序列相同,与人、猪、小鼠、斑马鱼、大西洋鲑、虹鳟等的同源性为71.3%~ 90%;H-FABP基因在2种鲤科鱼的心、肌肉、脂肪、肝、脑、脾、肾和鳃等组织中均有表达,肝中的表达量显著高于其它组织（P<0.05）,H-FABP基因的肌肉表达谱在齐口裂腹鱼和鲤鱼中存在明显差异：齐口裂腹鱼中的表达随生长发育呈上升趋势,在大体重鱼（500 g）中的表达显著高于小体重鱼（P<0.05),其表达与肌内脂肪含量呈显著正相关（R=0.370,P<0.05）;H-FABP基因在鲤鱼生长发育中呈下降趋势,而小体重鱼（50~60 g）中的表达显著高于其它大体重鱼(P<0.05),其表达与肌内脂肪含量呈显著负相关（R=-7.083,P<0.01）.据此推测,齐口裂腹鱼和鲤鱼肌肉组织H-FABP基因表达与肌内脂肪关联性的差异可能与2种鱼的生活环境不同有关.     

慢性肾衰竭大鼠模型的建立

目的 建立两种慢性肾衰竭大鼠模型,观察瘦素蛋白在大鼠组织、器官中的表达.方法 建立两种慢性肾衰竭CRF动物模型:(1)大鼠肾大部分切除诱发肾衰(Platt法).(2)腺嘌呤诱发大鼠慢性肾衰竭的动物模型(Yokozawa法).分别测定血清中血尿素氮(BUN),血肌酐(Scr)Ca2+、P5+等含量.取肾脏组织,HE染色,行免疫荧光,检测瘦素蛋白在两种慢性肾衰竭大鼠模型中的表达情况.结果 模型组大鼠血清中血尿素氮(BUN),血肌酐(Scr)等含量明显升高,免疫荧光检测显示两种模型大鼠肾脏组织瘦素蛋白的表达.结论 成功建立两种慢性肾衰竭CRF动物模型,显示不同模型组织部位的瘦素蛋白的表达.为进一步探讨瘦素蛋白在动物体内的生物学作用提供实验基础.